Timeline Israel 1961-1995
Courtesy of Algis Ratnikas @ algis.com
1961 Apr 11, Israel began the trial of Adolf Eichmann in Jerusalem. He was accused of World War II war crimes.
(WSJ, 4/28/97, p.A17)(HN, 4/11/98)
1961 Jul 31, Israel welcomed its 1,000,000th immigrant.
(MC, 7/31/02)
1961 Dec 9, SS Col. Adolf Eichmann was found guilty of war crimes in Israel.
(MC, 12/9/01)
1961 Dec 15, Adolf Eichmann, the former German Gestapo official accused of a major role in the Nazi murder of 6 million Jews, was sentenced by a Jerusalem court to be hanged. Adolf Eichmann was the administrator of the so-called Final Solution and supervised the transportation of prisoners to concentration camps.
(AP, 12/15/97)(HN, 12/15/98)
1962 Adolph Eichmann, Gestapo official and Nazi war criminal, was hanged near Tel Aviv, Israel, for his role in the Nazi murder of over one million Jews. He had been nabbed in Argentina by Peter Malkin in 1960 and taken to Israel for trial. This was the first execution to take place in the state Israel. Eichmann completed 1,300 notebook pages while in prison and they were OK'd for publication in 1999. In 1963 Hannah Arendt authored "Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil."
(SFEC, 11/3/96, Par p.13) (AP, 5/31/97)(HN, 5/31/99)(SFC, 8/11/99, p.C4)(WSJ, 8/31/99, p.A22)
1963 May 8, JFK offered Israel assistance against aggression.
(MC, 5/8/02)
1963 Jun 15, Israeli premier David Ben-Gurion resigned.
(MC, 6/15/02)
1963 Jun 24, Levi Eshkol formed an Israeli government.
(MC, 6/24/02)
1963 Oct 12, Archaeological digs began at Masada, Israel.
(MC, 10/12/01)
1963 Emma Berger, a German Chr--tian, founded a sect of fervent believers in Germany in the 1950s and led a portion of them to Israel in 1963, where they founded a commune called Bethel-El.
(WSJ, 2/6/98, p.A1)
1963 South Africa conducted a joint nuclear test with Israel, but the Israelis did not confirm the report.
(SFC, 5/17/02, p.A2)
1964 Jan 17, The PLO charter was put together with articles that proclaimed Israel an illegal state and pledged "the elimination of Zionism in Palestine." The PLO was founded in Egypt.
(SFC, 12/11/98, p.A18)(SFC, 4/30/02, p.A8)
1964 Dec 31, Syrian-based al-Fatah guerrillas of Yasser Arafat launched their 1st raid on Israel with the aim of provoking a retaliation and sparking an Arab war against Israel. Fatah, a Palestinian movement for independence, made the first terror attack on Israel and initiated the armed struggle for a state.
(WSJ, 1/22/98, p.A1)(SFEC, 1/2/00, p.A24)(WSJ, 6/5/02, p.D7)
1965 Jan 20, Generalissimo Francisco Franco met with Jewish representatives to discuss legitimizing Jewish communities in Spain.
(MC, 1/20/02)
1965 Mar 14, Israel's cabinet formally approved establishing diplomatic relations with West Germany.
(AP, 3/14/99)
1965 May 12, West Germany and Israel exchanged letters establishing diplomatic relations.
(AP, 5/12/97)
1965 May 13, Several Arab nations broke ties with West Germany after it established diplomatic relations with Israel.
(MC, 5/13/02)
1965 Aug 19, Auschwitz trials ended with only 6 life sentences.
(MC, 8/19/02)
1965 Oct 28, Pope Paul VI issued a decree absolving Jews of collective guilt for the crucifixion of Je--s Chr--t.
(AP, 10/28/99)
1965 Rev. Edward Flannery (d.1998 at 86) of Providence, R.I., published "The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-three Centuries of Anti-Semitism.
(SFC, 10/23/98, p.D7)
1965-1993 Teddy Kollek served as mayor of Jerusalem and sought to bring Arabs into the Jewish governed city as social and economic equals.
(SFC, 10/18/96, C8)
1966 Jan 2, The 1st Jewish child was born in Spain since the 1492 expulsion.
(MC, 1/2/02)
1966 Nov 10, A land mine near Hebron killed 3 Israeli policemen. Israel retaliated with a weekend strike against West Bank villagers and ran into Jordanian troops in Samu. Palestinians rioted and demanded the overthrow of Jordan’s Pres. Hussein. The Arab legion was forced to fire and killed at least 4.
(WSJ, 6/5/02, p.D7)
1966-1974 Abba Eban served as Israel’s foreign minister.
(AP, 11/17/02)
1967 Apr 7, Israeli-Syrian border fights took place.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1967 May 22, Egyptian president Nasser closed the Straits of Tiran to Israel.
(MC, 5/22/02)
1967 Jun 1, Moshe Dayan was named defense minister of Israel.
(DTnet 6/1/97)
1967 Jun 5, The Six Day War erupted in the Middle East as Israel, convinced an Arab attack was imminent, raided Egyptian military targets. Syria, Jordan and Iraq entered the conflict. Jordan lost the West Bank, an area of 2,270 sq. miles. War broke out as Israel reacted to the removal of UN peace-keeping troops, Arab troop movements and the barring of Israeli ships in the Gulf of Aqaba.
(AP, 6/5/97)(HN, 6/5/98)(NG, 5/93, p.58)(HNQ, 5/22/00)
1967 Jun 5, Israel annexed the largely Arab East Jerusalem, which included the Old City, and has since ringed it with Jewish neighborhoods.
(SFC, 6/25/96, p.A10)
1967 Jun 5-10, Israel fought the Six-Day War against Syria and captured the Golan Heights, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Allegations that Israeli soldiers killed hundreds of Egyptian prisoners with the knowledge of national leaders were made by Israeli historians in 1995. Israel occupied Syrian territory. The Gaza Strip and the West Bank were captured by Israel.
(WSJ, 5/6/96, p.A-13)(WSJ, 8/17/95, p.A-1)(WSJ,11/24/95, p.A-1)(SFC, 1/22/98, p.B12)(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)
1967 Jun 6, Israeli troops occupied Gaza. 2nd day of the 6-day war.
(MC, 6/6/02)
1967 Jun 7, Israel captured the Wailing Wall in East Jerusalem. 3rd day of the 6-day war.
(SC, 6/7/02)
1967 Jun 8, 34 U.S. servicemen were killed when Israeli forces raided the USS Liberty, a Navy ship stationed in the Mediterranean. Israel called the attack a tragic mistake. The Israeli Air Force attacked the U.S. Navy intelligence gathering auxiliary ship Liberty, killing 34 crewmen and wounding 171. The attack came at the outbreak of the Six-Day War in international waters off the coast of Israel. While still a controversy, the official explanation was that Israel believed the Liberty was an Egyptian vessel. Commander William L. McGonagle (d.1999 at 73) was awarded the Medal of Honor for keeping Liberty afloat and remaining on the bridge for 17 hours despite his own wounds. Israel apologized and paid over $12 million in compensation.
(AP, 6/8/97)(HN, 6/8/98)(HNQ, 8/13/98)(SFC, 3/9/99, p.A22)(WSJ, 5/9/01, p.A24)(WSJ, 5/16/01, p.A23)
1967 Jun 10, The Six-Day Middle East War ended as Israel and Syria agreed to observe a United Nations-mediated cease-fire. Israel took Gaza and the Sinai from Egypt, Old Jerusalem and the West Bank from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. In 2002 Michael B. Oren authored "Six Days of War: June 1967 and the making of the Modern Middle East."
(AP, 6/10/97)(WSJ, 6/5/02, p.D7)
1967 Jun 11, Israel and Syria accepted a UN cease-fire. The UN brokered a cease-fire between Israel and the defeated Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, ending the Six-Day War with Israel occupying the Sinai, West Bank, East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights.
(HN, 6/11/98)(AP, 6/11/03)
1967 Jun 11, Israel annexed the largely Arab East Jerusalem, which included the Old City, and has since ringed it with Jewish neighborhoods.
(SFC, 6/25/96, p.A10)
1967 Jun 28, Israel formally declared Jerusalem reunified under its sovereignty following its capture of the Arab sector in the June 1967 war.
(AP, 6/28/98)
1967 Jun 29, Jerusalem was reunified as Israel removed barricades separating the Old City from the Israeli sector.
(AP, 6/29/97)(HN, 6/29/98)
1967 Nov 22, The U.N. Security Council approved Resolution 242, which called for Israel to withdraw from territories it captured in 1967, and implicitly called on adversaries to recognize Israel's right to exist.
(AP, 11/22/97)
1967 Dec 14, Israel submitted to the United Nations a five-year plan to solve the Arab refugee problem conditioned on a general peace settlement between Israel and the Arab states.
(AP, 12/14/02)
1967 Chaim Herzog became the first military governor of the West Bank.
(SFC, 4/18/97, p.E2)
1967 Sheik Assad Bayyoud Tamini (d.1998 at 86), a militant Muslim leader who later advocated peace with Israel, was deported from Hebron for resisting Israeli occupation. He continued his resistance from Jordan.
(SFC, 3/24/98, p.B2)
1967 Israel passed a new patent law that allowed Israeli companies to copy a foreign patent if the foreign company did not market it in Israel.
(WSJ, 10/27/04, p.A1)
1968 Jan, An Israeli submarine, the Dakar, a British-made submarine with a 69-man crew, was lost in the Mediterranean Sea while onroute from England to Israel. The sunken ship was found May 28, 1999, between Crete and Cyprus.
(SFC, 5/31/99, p.A8)
1968 Mar 21, The Israeli army attacked a PLO base in Jordan in response to attacks on northern Israel.
(WSJ, 11/11/04, p.A18)
1968 Jul 8, Israeli-Egyptian artillery dueled along the Suez Canal.
(MC, 7/8/02)
1968 Dec 27, The U.S. agreed to sell fifty F-4 Phantom jets to Israel.
(HN, 12/27/98)
1968 Dec 28, Israel attacked an airport in Beirut, destroying 13 planes.
(HN, 12/28/98)
1968 Hanoch Levin's play "You, Me and the Next War" was produced.
(SFC, 8/19/99, p.D2)
1968 Jerome Mintz (d.1997 at 67), US anthropologist, published "Legends of the Hasidim."
(SFC,12/20/97, p.A21)
1968 The Karameh mission failed. Muki Betser, Israeli commando, was wounded. He later became commander of the Sayeret Matkal, Israel’s elite counter-terrorist unit.
(SFC, 7/16/96, p.E5)
1969 Jan 27, In Damascus, Syria, 9 Jews were publicly executed.
(MC, 1/27/02)
1969 Feb 18, PLO (PFLP-GC) machine-gunned an El-Al plane in Zurich, Switzerland.
(SFC, 5/21/02, p.A16)(MC, 2/18/02)
1969 Feb 26, Levi Eshkol [Sjkolnik], Israeli premier, died.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1969 Mar 17, Golda Meir (d.1978) became the 4th prime minister of Israel. She held the office to 1974.
(AP, 3/17/97)(AP, 12/8/97)(MC, 3/17/02)
1969 May 25, The Israeli Army made the first of four unsuccessful assaults on Arab forces in the town of Latrun, Israel.
(HN, 5/25/99)
1969 Yair Rosenbloom (1944-1996), songwriter and composer composed the "Song to Peace" that was later sung by Prime Minister Rabin just before his assassination. It was initially an anti-war protest and denounced by the military as defeatist and banned from army radio.
(SFC, 8/30/96, p.E5)
1970 Jan 28, Israeli fighter jets attacked the suburbs of Cairo.
(HN, 1/28/99)
1970 Jul 21, Libya ordered the confiscation of all Jewish property.
(MC, 7/21/02)
1970 Sep 17, The PLO was driven out of Jordan and forced to move to Lebanon.
(SFC, 2/8/99, p.A6)
1970 Oded Fehr, Israeli actor, was born.
(AP, 11/23/02)
1970 Hanoch Levin's play "The Queen of the Bathtub" mocked Prime Minister Golda Meir and caused a storm of protest.
(SFC, 8/19/99, p.D2)
c1970 George L. Mosse (d.1999 at 80), a Univ. of Wisconsin historian, published "Germans and Jews: The Right, the Left, and the Search for a 'Third Force' in Pre-Nazi Germany."
(SFEC, 1/31/99, p.D8)
1970 The PFLP-GC planted a time bomb on a Swissair jet that blew up on a flight from Zurich to Tel Aviv. All 47 aboard were killed.
(SFC, 5/21/02, p.A16)
1972 Feb 5, It was reported that the United States had agreed to sell 42 F-4 Phantom jets to Israel.
(HN, 2/5/99)
1972 May 8, Sabena aircraft at Lod Intl, Tel Aviv, was captured by Palestinians.
(MC, 5/8/02)
1972 May 30, Three militants of the Japanese Red Army (PFL) staged a machine-gun and hand-grenade attack at the Lod Airport in Israel. 24 people were killed and a 100 injured. Kozo Okamoto served 13 years of a life sentence in Israel. The terrorists found refuge in Lebanon until 1997 when they were arrested. In 2000 Lebanon granted asylum to Kozo Okamoto. 4 other Japanese Red Army members were deported to Japan.
(SFC, 2/19/96, p.A8)(SFC, 3/18/00, p.A3)
1972 Jun 7, German Chancellor Willy Brandt visited Israel.
(SC, 6/7/02)
1972 Sep 5, Terror struck the Munich Olympic games in West Germany as Arab guerrillas attacked the Israeli delegation. Palestinian terrorists killed 2 athletes and took 9 others and their coaches hostage. Eleven Israelis, five guerrillas and a police officer were killed in a 20-hour siege. The Palestinian commandos were linked to Carlos the Jackal, aka Ilich Ramirez Sanchez. In 200o the TV documentary "One Day in September" depicted the events.
(TMC, 1994, p.1972)(AP, 9/5/97)(SFC,12/11/97, p.C2)(WSJ, 9/8/00, p.W4)
1972 Sep 19, A Black September letter bomb killed Ami Shehori, a Israeli attache at the embassy in London.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1973 Feb 21, Israeli fighter planes shot down a Libyan Airlines jet over the Sinai Desert, killing 108 people.
(AP, 2/21/98)(MC, 2/21/02)
1973 Jan 15, Pope Paul VI had an audience with Golda Meir at Vatican.
(MC, 1/15/02)
1973 Sep 13, Syria and Israel engaged in a dogfight over the Mediterranean Sea.
(MC, 9/13/01)
1973 Oct 6, The fourth Arab-Israeli war in 25 years was fought. Israel was taken by surprise when Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Jordan attacked on the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, beginning the Yom Kippur War. The Yom Kippur War in which Syria tried to regain the Golan Heights with a massive attack with 1,500 tanks. The assault was repulsed by air power.
(WSJ, 5/6/96, p.A-13)(TL-MB, p.21) (TMC, 1994, p.1973)(AP, 10/6/97) (HN, 10/6/98)
1973 Oct 12, An Israeli counter offensive began in southern Syria.
(MC, 10/12/01)
1973 Oct 14, Egyptian tanks moved further into Israel.
(MC, 10/14/01)
1973 Oct 16, Israeli tanks under General Ariel Sharon crossed the Suez Canal and began to encircle two Egyptian armies.
(HN, 10/16/98)(MC, 10/16/01)
1973 Oct 22, Israeli troops reconquered mount Hermon.
(MC, 10/22/01)
1973 Oct 22, The UN Security Council Resolution 338 called for a cease fire to the Yom Kippur War.
(MC, 10/22/01)
1973 Oct 23, A U.N. sanctioned cease-fire officially ended the Yom Kippur war between Israel and Syria.
(HN, 10/23/98)
1973 Oct 24, The UN organized a cease fire for the Arab-Israeli War. Yom Kippur War ended. Israel was 65 miles from Cairo and 26 from Damascus. [see Oct 22,23]
(TL-MB, p.21)(MC, 10/24/01)
1973 Oct 26, Israeli forces reached Suez and trapped the Egyptian army.
(MC, 10/26/01)
1973 Nov 11, Israel and Egypt signed a cease-fire.
(HN, 11/11/98)
1973 Nov 15, Egypt and Israel exchanged prisoners of war.
(MC, 11/15/01)
1973 Dec 1, David Ben-Gurion, Israel's first prime minister, died in Tel Aviv at age 87.
(AP, 12/1/97)
1973 Dec 21, Israel, Egypt, Syria, Jordan, US and USSR leaders met in Geneva.
(MC, 12/21/01)
1973 Primo Levi (1920-1987) authored "The Periodic Table," a memoir that incorporated many of his experiences at the Auschwitz concentration camp.
(SSFC, 5/26/02, p.M1)
1973 Abba Eban, Israeli foreign minister helped persuade the U.S. administration of Pres. Richard Nixon to carry out an emergency airlift of weapons and supplies.
(AP, 11/17/02)
1974 Jan 18, Israel and Egypt signed a weapons accord.
(MC, 1/18/02)
1974 Apr 10, Golda Meir announced her resignation as prime minister of Israel. Yitzhak Rabin replaced Golda Meir.
(AP, 4/10/97)(HN, 4/10/98)
1974 May 15, PFLP terrorists took a school in Maalot, Israel. 26 people were killed including 21 children after an unsuccessful rescue attempt.
(http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa)(WSJ, 9/14/04, p.A20)
1974 May 31, Israel and Syria signed an agreement on the Golan Heights.
(HN, 5/31/98)
1974 Jun 3, Yitzhak Rabin formed a new Israeli government.
(MC, 6/3/02)
1974 The UN recognized the right of Palestinians to sovereignty and national independence.
(SFC, 2/8/99, p.A6)
1974 The Palestinian Democratic Front took over an Israeli school in Maalot and 20 schoolchildren were killed.
(SFEC, 8/8/99, p.A22)
1974 The US Congress passed the Jackson-Vanik amendment for economic sanctions on Russia to pressure the Soviet Union to allow unfettered emigration for Soviet Jews. Pres. Bush in 2001 proposed that it be lifted.
(WSJ, 11/5/01, p.A1)
1975 Jul 8, Israeli premier Yitzhak Rabin visited West-Germany.
(MC, 7/8/02)
1975 Oct 10, Israel formally signed the Sinai accord with Egypt.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1975 Israel signed a treaty of association with the European Common Market.
(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)
1975-1985 Environmental designer Lawrence Halprin designed the Walter and Elise Haas Promenade in the hills of Jerusalem.
(SFEM, 8/10/97, p.13)
1976 Mar 30, Israel killed 6 Palestinians protesting land confiscation.
(MC, 3/30/02)
1976 Jul 3, Israel launched its daring mission to rescue 103 passengers and Air France crew members being held at Entebbe Airport in Uganda by pro-Palestinian hijackers.
(AP, 7/3/97)(MC, 7/3/02)
1976 Jul 4, Jonathan Netanyahu, brother of Benjamin, led and was killed in an Israeli raid called Operation Thunderball that rescued the [105] hostages held at Entebbe Airport in Uganda. The raid was by Sayeret Matkal, Israel’s elite counter-terrorist unit led by Muki Betser, and it freed all but 3 of the 104 Israeli and Jewish hostages and crew of an Air France jetliner seized by pro-Palestinian hijackers. The events are described by Muki Betser and Robert Rosenberg in "Secret Soldier, The True Life of Israel’s Greatest Commando." 20 Ugandan soldiers, 1 Israeli officer, 3 hostages and 7 hijackers died. The hijacking was linked to Carlos the Jackal, aka Ilich Ramirez Sanchez.
(SFC, 6/24/96, p.A19) (SFC, 7/16/96, p.E5)(AP, 7/4/97)(SFC,12/11/97, p.C2)(HN, 7/4/98)
1976 Dec 20, Israel's PM Yitzhak Rabin resigned.
(MC, 12/20/01)
1976 Israel approved a 480-mile Trans-Israel Highway from the Galilee to the Negev Desert.
(SFC, 6/12/00, p.A12)
1977 Jan 11, France set off an international uproar by releasing Abu Daoud, a Palestinian suspected of involvement in the massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics. In 1999 Mohammed Oudeh, aka Abu Daoud, published an autobiography in France in which in admitted playing a mastermind role in the 1972 Munich hostage episode.
(AP, 1/11/98)(SFC, 6/14/99, p.A14)
1977 Jan 12, Anti-French demonstrations took place in Israel after Paris released Abu Daoud, responsible for the 1972 Munich massacre of Israeli athletes.
(MC, 1/12/02)
1977 Mar 7, Israeli PM Yitzhak Rabin met Pres. Carter.
(MC, 3/7/02)
1977 Mar 12, Egypt's Anwar Sadat pledged to regain Arab territory from Israel.
(MC, 3/12/02)
1977 Apr 8, Israel premier Rabin resigned.
(MC, 4/8/02)
1977 Apr 22, Simon Peres became premier of Israel.
(MC, 4/22/02)
1977 May 17, Menachem Begin's Likud-party won election in Israel.
(MC, 5/17/02)
1977 May 18, Menachem Begin became Israel's Prime Minister.
(SC, 5/18/02)
1977 Jun 21, Menachem Begin became Israel's sixth prime minister at the head of a Likud coalition.
(AP, 6/21/97)(WSJ, 4/29/98, p.A22)
1977 Sep 26, Israel announced a cease-fire on Lebanese border.
(HN, 9/26/99)
1977 Nov 17, Egyptian Pres Sadat formally accepted an invitation to visit Israel.
(MC, 11/17/01)
1977 Nov 19, Egyptian Pres. Anwar Sadat became the first Arab leader to visit Israel. Peace talks began in the Middle East with Sadat going to Israel.
(TMC, 1994, p.1977)(AP, 11/19/97)
1977 Nov 20, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat became the first Arab leader to address Israel's parliament.
(AP, 11/20/97)
1977 Dec 25, Israeli PM Menachem Begin met Egyptian Pres. Sadat in Egypt.
(MC, 12/25/01)
1977 Ariel Sharon was elected to parliament and was appointed minister of agriculture in the Begin government.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1977 Yitzhak Rabin resigned as prime minister due to a bank account scandal. [see Dec 20, 1976]
(SFEC, 4/21/97, p.D4)
1978 Jan 8, The Israeli government voted to "strengthen" settlements in occupied Sinai.
(MC, 1/8/02)
1978 Mar 11, 34 Israelis were killed as Palestinian guerrillas went on a rampage on the Tel Aviv-Haifa highway. Palestinian guerrillas based in Lebanon attacked a bus near Tel Aviv and killed 45 people.
(AP, 3/11/98)(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)(MC, 3/11/02)
1978 Mar 14, An Israeli force of 22,000 invaded south Lebanon, hitting the PLO bases.
(HN, 3/14/98)
1978 Mar 19, Israeli army took control of almost all of Lebanon south of Litani River.
(AP, 3/19/03)
1978 Mar 19, The UN Security Council adopted Resolution 425 demanding that Israel withdraw from Lebanon. UNIFIL, a UN Interim Force, was set up to monitor and ensure withdrawal.
(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)
1978 Jun 13, Israelis withdrew the last of their invading forces from Lebanon.
(HN, 6/13/98)
1978 Jul 18, Egyptian and Israeli officials began 2 days of talks.
(MC, 7/18/02)
1978 Aug 20, Gunmen opened fire on an Israeli El Al Airline bus in London.
(MC, 8/20/02)
1978 Sep 5-17, Sep 5-17, US Pres. Carter, Menachem Begin of Israel and Anwar Sadat of Egypt met at Camp David, Md.
(WUD, 1994, p.1691)(TL, 1988, p.119)(SFC, 6/2/97, p.D5)
1978 Sep 17, US Pres. Carter, Menachem Begin of Israel and Anwar Sadat of Egypt signed agreements at Camp David, Md. Israel promised to withdraw gradually from Sinai and to establish some form of autonomous Palestinian territory on the West Bank. Sadat's astrologer, Hasan al-Tuhami, was the only person Sadat trusted. In the Camp David Accord "Israel was the winner and Egypt the Loser." Thus wrote Boutros Boutros-Ghali in his 1997 book: "Egypt’s Road to Jerusalem: A Diplomat’s Story of the Struggle for Peace in the Middle East."
(WUD, 1994, p.1691)(TL, 1988, p.119)(SFC, 6/2/97, p.D5)(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)
1978 Sep 22, Israeli PM Menachem Begin returned home after the Camp David summit.
(MC, 9/22/01)
1978 Sep 28, Israeli Knesset endorsed the Camp David accord.
(MC, 9/28/01)
1978 Oct 12, Representatives of Israel and Egypt opened talks in Washington.
(MC, 10/12/01)
1978 Oct 22, Negotiators for Egypt and Israel announced in Washington they had reached tentative agreement on the main points of a peace treaty.
(AP, 10/22/98)
1978 Oct 27, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin were named winners of the Nobel Peace Prize for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord.
(AP, 10/27/97)
1978 Dec 8, Golda Meir (80), PM of Israel from 1969 to 1974, died of cancer in Jerusalem.
(AP, 12/8/97)
1978 The UN Security Council passed a resolution that demanded an unconditional Israeli withdrawal from south Lebanon after a brief Israeli invasion.
(SFC, 4/18/96, p.a-14)
1979 Mar 21, The Egyptian Parliament unanimously approved a peace treaty with Israel.
(AP, 3/21/99)
1979 Mar 22, Israeli parliament approved a peace treaty with Egypt.
(MC, 3/22/02)
1979 Mar 26, The Camp David peace treaty was signed by Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat at the White House. [see Sep 5-17, 1978]
(AP, 3/26/97)(WUD, 1994, p.1691)(TL, 1988, p.119)(HN, 3/25/98)
1979 Apr 2, Israeli PM Menachem Begin visited Cairo, Egypt, and met with Pres. Sadat.
(MC, 4/2/02)
1979 May 1, Elton John became the 1st pop star to perform in Israel.
(MC, 5/1/02)
1979 May 25, Israel began to return Sinai to Egypt.
(SC, 5/25/02)
1979 Oct 21, Israeli minister of Foreign affairs Moshe Dayan resigned.
(MC, 10/21/01)
1979 Nov 25, Israel returned Alma oilfields in Gulf of Suez to Egypt.
(MC, 11/25/01)
1979 Samir Kantar killed three Israelis in the northern city of Nahariya.
(AP, 10/25/04)
1980 Jan 26, Israel and Egypt established diplomatic relations.
(MC, 1/26/02)
1980 Feb 26, Egypt and Israel exchanged ambassadors for the 1st time.
(SC, 2/26/02)
1980 Jul 30, The Israeli Knesset passed a law reaffirming all of Jerusalem as the capital of the Jewish state.
(AP, 7/30/00)
1980 Aug 20, UN Security Council condemned (14-0, US abstains) Israeli declaration that all of Jerusalem is it's capital.
(MC, 8/20/02)
1980 Aug 20, Otto Frank (91), father of Anne Frank, died.
(MC, 8/20/02)
1980 Dec 31, A bomb blast wrecked the Jewish-owned Norfolk Hotel in Nairobi, Kenya, killing 15 people and wounding more than 80.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1980s Shas, the religious party of Jews of Eastern descent, emerged as a self-directed movement of Sephardic Jews. The name comes from the Hebrew and means Sephardi Torah Guardians. It had begun as a small faction on the Jerusalem City Council.
(SFEC,10/26/97, p.A18)(SFC, 7/20/99, p.A10)
1981 Jun 7, Israeli F-16 fighter-bombers destroyed a nuclear power plant in Iraq at Osirak, Iraq, before it went into operation, a facility the Israelis charged could have been used to make nuclear weapons. Ilan Ramon (d.2003) flew the last of the 8 planes that bombed the reactor. In 2004 Rodger W. Claire authored “Raid on the Sun.”
(WSJ, 7/23/96, p.A22)(AP, 6/7/97)(HN, 6/7/99)(SFC, 2/3/03, p.A7)(WSJ, 6/1/04, p.D8)
1981 Jul 5, Premier Begin's Likud party won Israeli elections.
(MC, 7/5/02)
1981 Oct 16, Israeli war hero Moshe Dayan died in Tel Aviv at age 66.
(AP, 10/16/01)
1981 Dec 14, Israel annexed the Golan Heights, seized from Syria in 1967. The parliament approved the annexation of the Golan Heights with legislation in one day.
(SFC,12/11/97, p.C2)(AP, 12/14/97)
1981 Ariel Sharon was appointed defense minister in the Begin government.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1981 Israel promised Canada that the Mossad spy agency would not use Canadian passports.
(WSJ, 10/3/97, p.A1)
1982 Apr 11, Alan Goodman, opened fire on Palestinians praying at the Temple Mount, the site of Islam’s third-holiest shrine. He killed 2 and was sentenced to life in prison. He was released to the US in 1997 after agreeing to spend the next 8 years in the US.
(SFC,10/27/97, p.A9)
1982 Apr 25, In accordance with Camp David agreements, Israel completed the Sinai withdrawal. Ariel Sharon, as defense minister, directed the dismantling of Israeli settlements in the Sinai Peninsula. Nearly 5,000 residents and many more sympathizers were dragged off roofs and bundled onto buses.
(HN, 4/25/98)(AP, 2/21/04)
1982 Jun 2, An Abu Nidal hit team shot Israeli Ambassador Shlomo Argov in the head in London. Argov survived. The attack was blamed on Nidal’s Palestinian Fatah group.
(WSJ, 8/20/02, p.A18)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1982 Jun 4, Israel attacked targets in south Lebanon.
(MC, 6/4/02)
1982 Jun 6, Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon ordered his forces to invade southern Lebanon to drive Palestine Liberation Organization fighters out of the country. Israeli Gen. Rafael Eitan (d.2004) had convinced defense minister Ariel Sharon to invade southern Lebanon to clean out the PLO bases there. A 70-day siege by 30,000 Israeli troops left up to 14,000 Lebanese and Palestinian civilians dead. Islamic radicals, including Naim Qassem, formed Hezbollah (Hizbullah) in response to Israel’s attack. The Israelis withdrew in June 1985. Hezbollah was formed with Iranian help as a radical offshoot of Amal, a Shiite Muslim movement. In 2005 Naim Qassem authored “Hizbullah: The Story from Within.”
(WSJ, 11/17/95, p.A-10)(SFC, 4/17/96, p.A-10)(AP, 6/6/97)(SFC, 6/15/98, p.A10)(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)(Econ, 12/4/04, p.88)(Econ, 4/23/05, p.79)
1982 Jun 9, Israel wiped out Syrian SAM missiles in Bekaa Valley.
(MC, 6/9/02)
1982 Jun 29, Israel invaded Lebanon. [see June 6]
(HN, 6/29/98)
1982 Aug 12, Israeli staged heavy bombardment of Beirut.
(MC, 8/12/02)
1982 Aug 22, Israeli General Ariel Sharon urged Palestinians to discuss peace.
(MC, 8/22/02)
1982 Sep 8, Abu Nidal gunmen made a machine gun attack on diners at the Jo Goldenberg restaurant on rue de Rosiers in Paris. 6 people were killed and 22 wounded.
(WSJ, 8/20/02, p.A18)
1982 Sep 15, The Israeli army occupied Beirut.
(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)
1982 Sep 16-18, The massacre of hundreds of Palestinian men, women and children by Lebanese Chr--tian militiamen began in west Beirut's Sabra and Chatilla (Shatilla) refugee camps. Israel’s defense minister, Ariel Sharon, was held responsible and lost his top post.
(AP, 9/16/97)(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)
1982 Jacobo Timerman (d.1999 at 76) published "The Longest War: Israel in Lebanon."
(SFC, 11/12/99, p.D6)
1982 The Jewish town of Misgav was built on land seized from the Palestinians over 3 decades. Its 7,000 Jewish residents have jurisdiction over 183,000 dunams (a quarter-acre), while the area’s 200,000 Arabs reside on 200,000 dunams.
(MT, Fall. ‘97, p.16)
1983 Mar, Chaim Herzog (1918-1997) was elected as the 6th president of Israel and served for 10 years.
(SFC, 4/18/97, p.E2)
1983 Aug 28, Israeli Prime Minister Menachim Begin announced his intention to resign.
(HTnet, 8/28/99)
1983 Sep 2, Menachem Begin endorsed Yitzhak Shamir (Herut) for Israeli PM.
(MC, 9/2/01)
1983 Sep 15, Israel’s premier Begin (d.1992) resigned.
(www.cnn.com/almanac/9809/15/)
1983 Oct 10, Israel's Knesset voted 60-53 to endorse Yitzhak Shamir as PM.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1983 Nov 24, PLO exchanged 6 Israeli prisoners for 4,500 Palestinians and Lebanese.
(MC, 11/24/01)
1983 Nov 28, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir met with President Reagan at the White House to discuss ways to strengthen U.S.-Israeli military and economic ties.
(DTnet 11/28/97)
1983 Dec 6, A bomb planted on a bus in Jerusalem exploded and killed 6 Israelis.
(MC, 12/6/01)
1983 Amos Oz, novelist, published "In the Land of Israel," a collection of essays.
(SFEC, 10/20/96, BR, p.4)
1984 Sep 13, Simon Peres formed an Israeli government with Likud. A national unity government (Likud and Labor) was formed.
(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)(MC, 9/13/01)
1984 Abba Eban helped prepare a 13-part television series about Jewish history called "Heritage: Civilization and the Jews." He later wrote a book by the same name.
(AP, 11/17/02)
1984 The Shas Party first ran for the Knesset.
(SFC, 7/20/99, p.A10)
1984 In the "Bus 300 affair" Ehud Yatom, Israeli member of the Shin Bet security agency, bludgeoned to death 2 Palestinian bus hijackers.
(SFC, 6/16/01, p.A6)
1984-1990 Ariel Sharon served as the trade minister in the national unity government headed by Yitzhak Shamir of Likud and Shimon Peres of Labor. Avraham Shapira (d.2000 79) was an architect of the national unity government, which united Israel’s 2 main opposing parties to overcome the economic crises.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)(SFC, 6/27/00, p.A23)
1985 Jan 3, The Israel government confirmed the resettlement of 10,000 Ethiopian Jews.
(MC, 1/3/02)
1985 Jan, Israel pulled back to a security zone in southern Lebanon to protect its border.
(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)
1985 May 20, Israel exchanged over 1,100 Arab prisoners for 3 Israeli soldiers.
(MC, 5/20/02)
1985 Jun 10, The Israeli army pulled out of Lebanon after 1,099 days of occupation
(HN, 6/10/98)
1985 Oct 1, Israeli forces staged an air raid on PLO-headquarter at Tunis and 68 people were killed.
(MC, 10/1/01)
1985 Oct 7, Four Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) gunmen hijacked the Italian cruise ship Achille Lauro in the Mediterranean and demanded the release of 50 Palestinians held by Israel. 413 people were held hostage for 2 days in the seizure that was masterminded by Mohammed Abul Abbas. American Leon Klinghoffer was shot while sitting in his wheelchair and thrown overboard. A case was filed against the PLO and settled in 1997. The hijackers surrendered to Egyptian authorities and were turned over to Italy which let Abbas slip out of the country.
(SFC, 8/12/97, p.A4)(AP, 10/7/97)(HN, 10/7/98)
1985 Nov 21, Former U.S. Navy intelligence analyst Jonathan Jay Pollard was arrested, and accused of spying for Israel. Pollard was sentenced to life in prison in 1987.
(AP, 11/21/97)(WSJ, 1/28/98, p.A18)(SFC, 3/1/00, p.A23)
1985 Dec 27, Palestinian guerrillas opened fire inside the Rome and Vienna airports; a total of twenty people were killed, including five of the attackers, who were slain by police and security personnel. Abu Nidal was considered responsible. President Reagan blamed Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi.
(AP, 12/27/97)(SFC, 8/25/98, p.A6)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1985 Israel established a 440 sq. mile security zone in southern Lebanon. The 9-mile wide zone was abandoned by some 400,000 inhabitants and by 2000 only 100,000 remained.
(SFC, 4/18/96, p.a-14)(SFC, 3/10/00, p.A12)
1986 Mar 25, US Supreme Court ruled that the Air Force could ban wearing of yarmulkes.
(MC, 3/25/02)
1986 Sep 6, An attack on the Neve Shalom synagogue in Istanbul killed 22 people. The Palestinian Abu Nidal group was blamed.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1986 Sep 11, Egypt’s Pres Mubarak received Israeli premier Peres.
(MC, 9/11/01)
1986 Sep 30, Israeli Mossad agents snatched Mordechai Vanunu in Rome. The Israeli nuclear technician had recently divulged Israel's nuclear secrets to the London Sunday Times.
(SFC, 4/22/04, p.A3)
1986 Oct 10, Israel Prime Minister Shimon Peres resigned.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1986 Oct 17, Yitzhak Rabin formed an Israeli government.
(MC, 10/17/01)
1986 Nov 9, Israel said it was holding Mordechai Vanunu, a former nuclear technician who had vanished after providing information to a British newspaper about Israel's nuclear weapons program. He was lured from London by a blond female Mossad agent called "Cindy." Vanunu was convicted of treason and sentenced to 18 years in prison. Mordechai Vanunu was later convicted of giving data on Israel’s nuclear program to a newspaper and put into solitary confinement until Mar 12, 1988.
(WSJ, 3/13/98, p.A1)(AP, 11/9/99)(SFC, 11/25/99, p.D2)
1986 Ron Arad, an Israeli airman, was the navigator in a plane that was shot down while bombing a Palestinian refugee camp in southern Lebanon. He was reportedly handed over to a Lebanese Shiite group led by Mustafa Dirani. In 2004 it was reported that Arad died in 1996 , sometime after he was handed by Lebanese fighters to their Iranian sponsors.
(SFEC, 11/17/96, p.A14)(AP, 10/25/04)
1986 Soviet dissident Anatoly B. Sharansky was released from a Soviet prison as part of a prisoner exchange between the East and West and soon moved to Israel. He changed his name to Natan Sharansky and became head of the new-immigrants party, Yisrael Ba-Aliya. He later became a deputy PM.
(AP, 7/14/98)(SFC, 5/4/02, p.A21)
1986-1991 Michael Bruno (1932-1996) was governor of the Bank of Israel.
(SFC, 12/27/96, p.A24)
1987 Feb 16, John Demjanjuk went on trial in Jerusalem, accused of being "Ivan the Terrible," a guard at the Treblinka concentration camp. He was convicted, but the Israeli Supreme Court overturned the ruling.
(AP, 2/16/98)
1987 Mar 29, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir was re-elected chairman of the right-wing Herut Party, the largest party in the Likud bloc governing Israel as part of a coalition.
(AP, 3/28/97)
1987 Mar, Jonathon Pollard, a US naval intelligence analyst convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage, was sentenced to life in prison without parole. He had sought to share US intelligence on Iraqi weapons with Israel and did so when after his superiors disagreed.
(WSJ, 1/25/96, p.A-16)(WSJ, 1/28/98, p.A18)
1987 Mar, Israel found Mordechai Vanunu, former Israeli nuclear technician, guilty of divulging nuclear secrets. He was sentenced to 18 years in prison.
(SFC, 4/22/04, p.A3)
1987 Apr 11, Primo Levi (b.1920), chemist, Auschwitz survivor and writer, died in Italy. In 2002 Carole Angier authored: "Primo Levi: A Biography." His books included the 1947 memoir "If This Is a Man" and "The Periodic Table." In 2002 Carole Angier authored the biography "The Double Bond."
(SSFC, 5/26/02, p.M1)(WSJ, 6/14/02, p.W10)(MC, 4/11/02)
1987 May 12, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir rejected Foreign Minister Shimon Peres' proposal for an international Middle East peace conference, calling it "perverse and criminal." Peres angrily accused Shamir of arrogance.
(AP, 5/12/97)
1987 Jul 12, For the first time in 20 years, a delegation of Soviet diplomats arrived in Israel for what was described as a "technical mission" to document Soviet citizens and make an inventory of Soviet property.
(AP, 7/12/97)
1987 Jul 27, Retired Ohio autoworker John Demjanjuk, accused of being the sadistic Nazi guard known as "Ivan the Terrible," testified at his trial in Jerusalem that he was not "the hangman you're after." His subsequent conviction was overturned by the Israeli Supreme Court.
(AP, 7/27/97)
1987 Sep. 5, Some four-dozen people were killed in an Israeli air raid on targets near the southern Lebanese port town of Sidon.
(AP, 9/5/97)
1987 Dec 8, The "intifadah" (Arabic for uprising) by Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza began.
(AP 12/8/97)(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)
1987 Dec 19, The Palestinian uprising in Israel's occupied territories spread to Arab east Jerusalem.
(AP, 12/19/97)
1987 Dec 27, Scores of Palestinian prisoners appeared before Israeli military courts in the first trials of several hundred protesters arrested in the "intefadeh," or uprising, in the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip.
(AP, 12/27/97)
1987 In Jerusalem, Israel, an ancient roadway was discovered that skirts the western foundation of the Temple Mount. A 534-yard tunnel was constructed to follow the roadway.
(SFC, 9/25/96, p.A1)
1987 Neil Folberg published "In a Desert Land: Photographs of Israel, Egypt, and Jordan." It focused on the Sinai Desert and was re-issued in 1998.
(SFEC, 4/26/98, BR p.6)
1987-1993 The Intifada, a stone-throwing revolt against Israel, began in Gaza’s Jebaliya refugee camp. The Ansar-3 detention camp in the Negev Desert was one of a number established to hold Palestinian men arrested in the uprising. In 1998 the documentary film "Diogenes: Ansar 3" was produced by Hans Fels and Eitan Wetzler of The Netherlands and Israel.
(SFC, 6/10/97, p.A12)(Cinemayyat, 2000)
1988 Jan 3, The Israeli Army ordered nine Palestinian activists deported from West Beirut as part of a controversial crackdown to stop the uprising in the occupied territories.
(AP, 1/3/98)(MC, 1/3/02)
1988 Jan 5, The U.N. Security Council voted unanimously to ask Israel not to deport Palestinians from the occupied territories in the first council vote against Israel since 1981.
(AP, 1/5/98)
1988 Jan 15, In Jerusalem, riot police charged into the Al Aqsa and Dome of the Rock mosques after worshipers beat a policeman and stole his pistol during some of the worst clashes seen on the revered Temple Mount.
(AP, 1/15/98)
1988 Jan 23, More than 50,000 Israelis demonstrated in Tel Aviv to protest the treatment of Palestinians in the occupied territories.
(AP, 1/23/98)
1988 Jan 30, Israeli troops fired on hundreds of demonstrators in the West Bank while protests also rocked the Gaza Strip, shattering three weeks of relative quiet in the occupied territories.
(AP, 1/30/98)
1988 Mar 7, Three Israelis were killed when three Arab gunmen hijacked a commuter bus in the Negev Desert; the hijackers themselves were killed when Israeli forces stormed the vehicle.
(AP, 3/7/98)
1988 Mar 14, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir arrived in Washington, D.C., with what he called new ideas for Middle East peace talks, despite maintaining a hard-line on Israel's retention of the occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip.
(AP, 3/14/98)
1988 Apr 3, Secretary of State George P. Shultz arrived in Israel to launch a fresh U.S. peace initiative, telling the Israelis that the Palestinians must be included in negotiations.
(AP, 4/3/98)
1988 Apr, Israeli agents killed Abu Jihad (Khalil al-Wazir), a PLO military commander.
(SFC, 11/25/96, p.A3)
1988 Apr 16, Abu Jihad, [Khalil al-Wazzir], PLO-leader, was murdered. The Palestine Liberation Organization accused Israel of assassinating al-Wazir, a top PLO military figure, in Tunisia. Palestinians reacted angrily, and at least 14 were shot and killed by Israeli troops during clashes in the occupied Gaza Strip and West Bank.
(AP, 4/16/98)(MC, 4/16/02)
1988 Apr 18, An Israeli court convicted John Demjanjuk, a retired auto worker from Cleveland, of committing war crimes at the Treblinka death camp. (However, Israel's Supreme Court later overturned Demjanjuk's conviction.)
(AP, 4/18/98)
1988 Apr 25, "Nightline" went on location to Jerusalem, Israel.
(SS, 4/25/02)
1988 Apr 25, To the cheers of spectators, a judge in Jerusalem sentenced John Demjanjuk to death after the retired Ohio autoworker was convicted of being "Ivan the Terrible," a Nazi death camp guard who had killed tens of thousands of people. Demjanjuk's conviction was later overturned.
(AP, 4/25/98)
1988 Jul 28, Israeli diplomats arrived in Moscow for their 1st visit in 21 years.
(SC, 7/28/02)
1988 Aug 11, Meir Kahane renounced his US citizenship to stay in the Israeli Parliament.
(MC, 8/11/02)
1988 Oct 5, Israel banned Meir Kahane's Kach Party on grounds of racism.
(MC, 10/5/01)
1988 Oct 12, Israel and China signed a trade deal and planned diplomatic relations.
(MC, 10/12/01)
1988 Oct 18, Israel's supreme court upheld a ban on Meyer Kahane's Kach Party as racist.
(MC, 10/18/01)
1988 Oct 19, Eight Israeli soldiers were killed in a suicide car bomb attack in south Lebanon.
(AP, 10/19/98)
1988 Nov 1, Israeli voters went to the polls in parliamentary elections that resulted in a narrow victory for the right-wing Likud bloc, requiring the creation of a coalition government.
(AP, 11/1/98)
1988 Nov 3, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir, whose Likud bloc won a narrow victory in parliamentary elections, began meeting with representatives of religious and rightist parties, seeking support for a coalition government.
(AP, 11/3/98)
1988 Dec 2, The 5 gunmen, who hijacked Soviet Aeroflot jet, surrendered in Israel.
(MC, 12/2/01)
1988 Dec 6, Arafat met prominent American Jews in Stockholm, Sweden.
(MC, 12/6/01)
1988 Dec 12, PLO leader Yasir Arafat accepted Israel's right to exist.
(SFC, 11/11/04, p.A18)
1988 Dec 15, Yasser Arafat in exile declared Palestinian independence. It was considered a symbolic act and no state boundaries were delineated.
(SFC,11/15/97, p.A12)(WSJ, 11/15/00, p.A1)
1988 Dec 17, In his first public statement since the U.S. decided to open direct talks with the PLO, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir expressed shock, calling the U.S. decision a "painful" blow.
(AP, 12/17/98)
1988 Dec 19, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir agreed to a Likud-Labor coalition to govern the Jewish state.
(AP, 12/19/98)
1988 Paul Johnson published "A History of the Jews."
(WSJ, 4/29/98, p.A22)
1988-1991 Michael Bruno (1932-1996) as governor of the Bank of Israel helped to formulate the government’s economic stabilization policy.
(SFC, 12/27/96, p.A24)
1989 Jan 23, A challenge to "Who is a Jew" law was filed in Israeli Supreme Court.
(MC, 1/23/02)
1989 Jul 6, A Palestinian grabbed the steering wheel of an Israeli bus, causing a crash that claimed 15 lives.
(AP, 7/6/99)
1989 Jul 22, Nearly 200,000 Palestinian children returned to classrooms in the West Bank after the Israeli army lifted an order that had kept their schools closed during the Palestinian uprising.
(AP, 7/22/99)
1989 Jul 28, Israeli commandos abducted a pro-Iranian Shiite Muslim Hezbollah cleric, Sheik Abdul-Karim Obeid, from his home in south Lebanon.
(SFEC, 11/17/96, p.A14)(AP, 7/28/99)
1989 Dec 31, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir fired Science Minister Ezer Weizman, accusing him of meeting with officials of the Palestine Liberation Organization.
(AP, 12/31/99)
1989 Israel outlawed Hamas as a terrorist organization following dozens of shooting attacks that killed Israelis.
(SFC, 3/23/04, p.A11)
1989 Israel repealed its anti-sodomy laws. The laws had not been enforced for 30 years.
(SFEC, 7/20/98, p.A16)
1989 Sheik Ahmed Yassin, the founder and spiritual leader of Hamas, was arrested by Israel and sentenced to life in prison for involvement in attacks against Israelis. He was released to Jordan in 1997.
(SFC, 5/25/96, p.A12)(SFC, 10/2/97, p.A12)
1990 Feb 4, Nine people were killed as guerrillas attacked a bus carrying Israeli tourists near Cairo, Egypt.
(AP, 2/4/00)
1990 Mar 15, The Israeli government of Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir lost a vote of confidence in the Knesset after Shamir refused to accept a U.S. plan for Israeli-Palestinian peace talks.
(AP, 3/15/00)
1990 Apr 26, Israeli PM Yitzhak Shamir, leader of the right-wing Likud bloc, was chosen to form a new government after Labor Party leader Shimon Peres failed to form a coalition.
(AP, 4/26/00)
1990 May 20, An Israeli opened fire on a group of Palestinian laborers south of Tel Aviv, killing seven; the gunman was sentenced to life in prison.
(AP, 5/20/00)
1990 May 21, Israeli soldiers shot and killed three Palestinians in violence sparked by the slayings of seven Palestinians by an Israeli civilian a day earlier.
(AP, 5/21/00)
1990 Jun 8, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir announced he had succeeded in forming a new right-wing coalition government, ending a three-month-old political crisis.
(AP, 6/8/00)
1990 Jun 13, Secretary of State James A. Baker the Third, testifying before the House Foreign Affairs Committee, urged Israel to accept a US plan for peace talks. Baker gave out the telephone number for the White House switchboard, telling the Israelis publicly, "When you’re serious about this, call us."
(AP, 6/13/00)
1990 Oct 5, Meir Kahane, founder of Jewish defense league, was assassinated at 58.
(MC, 10/5/01)
1990 Oct 7, Israel began handing out gas masks to its citizens.
(MC, 10/7/01)
1990 Oct 8, Israeli police opened fire on rioting Palestinians on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, killing 17.
(AP, 10/8/00)
1990 Oct 21, A Palestinian stabbed three Israelis to death during a rampage in a Jerusalem neighborhood in retaliation for the police killings of 17 Arabs on the Temple Mount.
(AP, 10/21/00)
1990 Dec 24, Saddam said Israel would be Iraq's 1st target.
(MC, 12/24/01)
1990 Victor Ostrovsky, a former agent of Mossad, published a book about the security agency.
(SFC, 2/25/98, p.A8)
1990 Avishai Raviv began working as a minor agent for the Shin Bet security service. He was assigned to work with right-wing activists.
(SFC,11/6/97, p.D2)
1990 In Israel Brig. Gen. Rami Dotan (44), was convicted of embezzling $10 million while purchasing military equipment from the United States during the 1980s. Dotan, suffering from poor health, was released from jail in 2002.
(AP, 10/27/02)
1990-1992 Ariel Sharon served as the housing minister and presided over the settlement drive in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
(SFC, 10/10/98, p.A8)
1991 Jan 17, The Persian Gulf War began as Coalition planes struck targets in Iraq and Kuwait. The first Iraqi Scud missile attacks on Israel were launched. There were reports of death and injury, and possibly even chemical weapons being used. For a few tense hours, it looked as though Israel would retaliate against Iraq, causing the allied coalition to break up. Six months of preparation and diplomacy might be undone by a few poorly aimed, 1950s-vintage ballistic missiles. Later that evening, U.S. Patriot surface-to-air missiles were launched against the incoming Scuds, and for the first time in history, a ballistic missile was shot down by another missile. The use of Patriot missiles in Israel's defense helped to keep that country out of the Gulf War, thereby safeguarding the integrity of the American-European-Arab coalition. Lt. Cmdr. Michael Scott Speicher (33) was shot down over western Iraq. The ruins of his plane were found in 1993.
(SFC, 9/4/96, p.A8)(SFEC,12/797, p.A1,16) (HN, 1/17/99)(HNPD, 1/17/99)
1991 Jan 17, Iraq fired 8 Scud missiles on Israel and one against Saudi Arabia in an attempt to bring Israel, and thus the rest of the Arab world, into the conflict on the 2nd day of Gulf War.
(MC, 1/17/02)
1991 Jan 18, Iraq fired more Scud missiles at Israeli cities. Israel refrains from responding at the request of President Bush. [see Jan 17]
(HN, 1/18/99)(MC, 1/18/02)
1991 Jan 19, During the Gulf War, Israel’s anti-missile force was boosted by additional Patriot missile batteries and U-S crews. A second Iraqi missile attack caused 29 injuries in Tel Aviv. Allied forces began bombarding Iraq’s elite Republican Guard.
(AP, 1/19/01)
1991 Jan 22, During the Gulf War, Iraq fired six Scud missiles into Saudi Arabia; all were either intercepted, or fell into unpopulated areas. However, in Tel Aviv, a Scud eluded the Patriot missile defense system and struck the city, resulting in three deaths.
(AP, 1/22/01)
1991 Jan 25, During the Gulf War, military officials said Iraq had sabotaged Kuwait’s main supertanker loading pier, dumping millions of gallons of crude oil into the Persian Gulf. Missiles fired from western Iraq struck in the Tel Aviv and Haifa areas, killing one Israeli and injuring more than 40 others.
(AP, 1/25/01)
1991 Feb 13, Syria told Germany they were ready to recognize Israel.
(MC, 2/13/02)
1991 May 10, Alexander Bessmertnykh became the first Soviet foreign minister to visit Israel as he met with Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir and Foreign Minister David Levy.
(AP, 5/10/01)
1991 May 25, Israel completed "Operation Solomon," which had evacuated 15,000 Ethiopian Jews to their promised land.
(AP, 5/25/01)
1991 Jun 9, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir insisted his country have a say in the selection of Palestinians who would attend a US-sponsored Middle East peace conference.
(AP, 6/9/01)
1991 Aug 1, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir accepted a US formula for Middle East peace talks with the Arabs.
(AP, 8/1/01)
1991 Aug 4, Israeli Cabinet members overwhelmingly backed a Middle East peace conference under conditions set by Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir.
(AP, 8/4/01)
1991 Sep 11, In the Middle East, hopes grew for the release of Western hostages in Lebanon after Israel freed 51 prisoners.
(AP, 9/11/01)
1991 Sep 19, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir accused the United States of tilting toward the Arabs in its eagerness to organize a Mideast peace conference.
(AP, 9/19/01)
1991 Oct 30, The Middle East peace conference in Madrid, Spain, opened with addresses to the delegates by President George Bush and Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev. The Madrid Two conference was organized by the US.
(SFC, 6/24/96, p.A10)(WSJ, 9/19/01, p.A14)(AP, 10/30/01)
1991 Oct 31, On the second day of the Middle East peace conference in Madrid, Spain, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir and Arab delegates clashed bitterly over land issues.
(AP, 10/31/01)
1991 Nov 3, Israeli and Palestinian representatives held their first-ever face-to-face talks in Madrid, Spain.
(AP, 11/3/01)
1991 Nov 3, Syria opened its first one-on-one meeting with Israel in 43 years.
(AP, 11/3/01)
1991 Nov 5, Robert Maxwell (68), media tycoon, was found floating dead near his yacht off the Canary Islands. He was born in Czechoslovakia as Jan Hoch (Abraham Leib) and lost his whole family in the Holocaust. He escaped at 16 through the French Underground and got out of a British prison camp by volunteering for the British army, who changed his name to Robert Maxwell. He founded the Pergamon Press and went on to build a media empire. He served in Parliament from 1964-1970. In the 1970s Israel recruited him as a spy. He covertly sold Israeli computer software to the governments of Russia, China, India and Egypt that contained secret trapdoors. In 2003 Gordon Thomas and Martin Dillon authored Robert Maxwell, Israel’s Superspy: The Life and Murder of a Media Mogul."
(Wired, 2/99, p.86)(AP, 11/5/01)(SSFC, 2/2/03, p.M4)
1991 Nov 27, Israel signaled its anger with what it regarded as the high-handedness of the United States by rejecting an invitation to attend Mideast peace talks in Washington on Dec. 4.
(AP, 11/27/01)
1991 Israel ratified the 102-nation Convention Against Torture.
(SFEC, 5/11/97, p.C14)
1991 Hamas formed its military wing, "Izzedine al-Qassam Brigades," for attacks against Israel.
(SFC, 3/23/04, p.A11)
1992 Jan 13, Israeli, Palestinian and Jordanian negotiators began talks in Washington on Palestinian autonomy.
(AP, 1/13/98)
1992 Jan 14, Historic Mideast peace talks continued in Washington, with Israel and Jordan holding their first-ever formal negotiations, and the Israelis continuing exchanges with Palestinian representatives.
(AP, 1/14/02)
1992 Jan 28, A multinational Middle East peace conference opened in Moscow.
(AP, 1/28/02)
1992 Feb 16, Israeli helicopters attacked a convoy in Sidon, Lebanon, killing Sheik Abbas Musawi, leader of the pro-Iranian group Hezbollah.
(AP, 2/16/02)
1992 Feb 24, Secretary of State James A. Baker III told a House subcommittee that Israel should stop building settlements in the occupied territories, or forfeit $10 billion in U.S. loan guarantees. A fourth round of Mideast peace talks began in Washington, D.C.
(AP, 2/24/02)
1992 Mar 4, Another round of Middle East peace negotiations concluded in Washington, D.C., with Israel rejecting a plan for Palestinian elections.
(AP, 3/4/02)
1992 Mar 7, An Israeli security chief was killed in a car bomb attack in Ankara, Turkey. Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility.
(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1992 Mar 9, Menachem Begin, former Israeli Prime Minister (1977-80, 81-83, Nobel 1979) died in Tel Aviv at age 78. In 1987 Amos Perlmutter (d.2001 at 69) authored "The Life and Times of Menachim Begin."
(AP, 3/9/98)(SSFC, 6/17/01, p.A27)(MC, 3/9/02)
1992 Mar 17, A truck bombing at the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina, killed 29 people. Iran denied any role. Hezbollah leader Imad Mughniyeh was suspected of involvement. Islamic Jihad claimed responsibility.
(AP, 3/17/97)(WSJ, 11/24/97, p.A1)(WSJ, 9/19/01, p.A14)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1992 Apr 6, Molly Picon (94), Yiddish actress (Milk and Honey), died of Alzheimer's.
(MC, 4/6/02)
1992 Jun 23, Israel's Labor Party upset the hard-line Likud bloc in parliamentary elections. Israeli voters elected the Labor Party’s Yitzhak Rabin as prime minister.
(WSJ, 6/18/96, p.A17)(AP, 6/23/97)
1992 Jul 3, Rabbi Marc Tannenbaum, the only Jew to attend Vatican II, died.
(MC, 7/3/02)
1992 Jul 19, Secretary of State James A. Baker III opened a fresh round of Mideast diplomacy, meeting in Jerusalem with Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and other officials.
(AP, 7/19/97)
1992 Jul 21, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin met in Cairo with Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, who said afterward that he'd accepted Rabin's invitation to visit Israel.
(AP, 7/20/97)
1992 Aug 10, President Bush met at his Kennebunkport, Maine, vacation home with Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Afterward, Bush announced that Mideast peace talks would resume in two weeks in Washington, D.C.
(AP, 8/10/97)
1992 Sep 1, Ahmed Qatamesh was jailed on suspicion of being a leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. He was held without trial for 5 1/2 years and released in 1998.
(SFC, 4/16/98, p.A12)
1992 Oct 4, In the Netherlands an Israeli El Al Jumbo Jet transport crashed into an Amsterdam apartment complex and killed 43 people. Since then scores of people complained of unidentified health problems. In 1998 it was revealed that the jet carried 50 gallons of dimethyl methylphosphonate, a non-poisonous ingredient of sarin nerve gas, destined for Israel. A report on the crash was released in 1999 and said that the plane's ballast included carcinogenic depleted uranium.
(SFC, 7/16/96, p.A6)(AP, 10/4/97)(SFC, 10/2/98, p.A16)(WSJ, 4/22/99, A1)(SFC, 4/23/99, p.D2)
1992 Dec 13, An Israeli border guard was kidnapped near Tel Aviv and later killed by the Hamas fundamentalist organization. The slaying prompted Israel to expel hundreds of Palestinians, sending them into Lebanese territory. Abdel Aziz Rantisi was among the 400 deported members of Hamas.
(AP, 12/13/97)(SSFC, 4/18/04, p.A18)
1992 Dec 17, Israel ordered the deportation of 418 suspected Muslim fundamentalists from the occupied territories.
(AP, 12/17/02)
1992 Dec 18, The U.N. Security Council unanimously denounced Israel's deportation of more than 400 Palestinians to Lebanon and demanded their immediate return.
(AP, 12/18/97)
1992 Dec 19, More than 400 suspected Muslim fundamentalists deported by Israel were confined to a makeshift refugee camp in a "no man's land" in Lebanon because of the Lebanese government's refusal to accept them.
(AP, 12/19/97)
1992 Prof. Yizhar Hirschfeld authored “The Judean Desert Monasteries.”
(SFC, 9/6/04, p.A4)
1992 In Norway the 1993 Oslo I peace accord was begun in 1992 following a research project on Palestinian living conditions by Terje Roed Larsen. Larsen arranged discussions between Uri Savir of Israel and Ahmed Qureia (Abu Ala) for Palestine.
(SFEC, 10/31/99, p.A21)
1992 The Israeli military disclosed in 2003 that it had planned a daring assassination attempt against Saddam Hussein in 1992. The plot would have involved landing commandos in Iraq and firing sophisticated missiles at him during a funeral, an Israeli legislator and media.
(AP, 12/16/03)
1993 Jan 19, Israel recognized the PLO as no longer criminal.
(MC, 1/19/02)
1993 Jan 28, The Israeli Supreme Court unanimously upheld the deportations of 400 Palestinians from the occupied territories to Lebanon.
(AP, 1/28/98)
1993 Feb 1, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin announced that his country would repatriate about 100 Palestinians deported to Lebanon, an offer rejected by the deportees.
(AP, 2/1/97)
1993 Mar 15, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin met at the White House with President Clinton, after which Rabin offered to negotiate the return of part of the Golan Heights to Syria.
(AP, 3/15/98)
1993 Mar 24, Ezer Weizman was elected Israel's seventh president.
(AP, 3/24/98)
1993 Mar 30, Israeli authorities barred West Bank Palestinians from entering Israel after two traffic police officers were shot to death.
(AP, 3/30/98)
1993 Apr 27, After a hiatus of more than four months, Israeli and Arab delegates resumed Middle East peace talks in Washington, D.C.
(AP, 4/27/98)
1993 Jul 25, Israel launched its heaviest artillery and air assault on Lebanon since 1982 in an attempt to eradicate Hezbollah and Palestinian guerrilla threats. Guerrillas fired rockets into Israel. The fighting ended July 31 with a U.S.-brokered cease-fire. Israel and Hezbollah then agreed not to attack civilian targets, but the cease-fire was short lived.
(AP, 7/25/98)(SFC, 5/24/00, p.A15)
1993 Jul 27, Israeli guns and aircraft pounded southern Lebanon in reprisal for rocket attacks by Hezbollah guerrillas.
(HN, 7/27/98)
1993 Jul 29, The Israeli Supreme Court acquitted retired Ohio autoworker John Demjanjuk of being Nazi death camp guard "Ivan the Terrible," and threw out his death sentence. Demjanjuk was set free.
(AP, 7/29/98)
1993 Aug 29, Negotiations continued between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization, with Israel reported on the verge of recognizing the PLO.
(AP, 8/29/98)
1993 Aug 30, Israel's Cabinet approved a framework for Palestinian autonomy in the occupied territories.
(AP, 8/30/98)
1993 Aug, Norwegian academic Terje Roed-Larsen and other Norwegian mediators helped broker a secret peace accord in which the Palestinians formally recognized Israel's right to exist and Israel agreed to establish self-rule in the West Bank and Gaza. The accord allowed thousands of PLO guerrillas to return to Palestine without Israeli interference.
(SFC, 6/19/96, p.A8)(SFC, 6/4/98, p.C3)(AP, 11/12/04)
1993 Sep 9, PLO leaders and Israel agreed to recognize each other, clearing the way for a peace accord.
(AP, 9/9/98)
1993 Sep 13, In a historic scene at the White House, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO chairman Yasser Arafat shook hands after signing an accord granting limited Palestinian autonomy. It gave Arafat control of most of the Gaza Strip and 27% of the West Bank. In 2002 Neal Kozodoy edited ""The Mideast Peace Process: An Autopsy."
(AP, 9/13/97)(WSJ, 2/11/02, p.A1)(WSJ, 11/12/04, p.A11)
1993 Sep 14, Israel and Jordan signed a framework for negotiations, a day after the signing of a PLO-Israeli peace accord.
(AP, 9/14/03)
1993 Fall, Israel signed a peace accord with the PLO in Oslo. The accord allowed thousands of Palestine Liberation Organization guerrillas to return to Palestine without Israeli interference.
(TMC, 1994, p.1993)(SFC, 6/19/96, p.A8)(SFC, 6/4/98, p.C3)
1993 Sep 23, The Israeli parliament ratified the Israel-PLO accord.
(AP, 9/23/98)
1993 Sep 24, The 1st Israeli was killed by Islamics after PLO signed the peace accord.
(MC, 9/24/01)
1993 Oct 6, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO chief Yasser Arafat held their first official meeting in Cairo, Egypt, to begin work on realizing terms of the Israeli-PLO accord.
(AP, 10/6/98)
1993 Oct 11, Yasser Arafat won endorsement for his peace accord with Israel from the Palestine Central Council.
(AP, 10/11/98)
1993 Nov 25, Violence broke out in the Gaza Strip, a day after Israeli undercover soldiers killed Imad Akel, the head of the military wing of Hamas.
(HN, 11/25/98)
1993 Dec 5, A Palestinian boarded a bus and opened fire with an assault rifle in the first major attack in Israel since the signing of a peace pact with the PLO; the gunman killed a reservist before being gunned down.
(AP, 12/5/98)
1993 Dec 19, Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres and senior PLO officials ended two days of closed-door talks in Oslo, Norway, in which they sought to break a deadlock over Palestinian self-rule in the occupied territories.
(AP, 12/19/98)
1993 Dec 25, Full-fledged Chr--tmas celebrations returned to Bethlehem for the first time since the Palestinian uprising began six years earlier.
(AP, 12/25/98)
1993 Dec 30, Israel and the Vatican agreed to recognize one another. Pope John Paul II normalized relations between the Vatican and Israel.
(SFC,12/25/97, p.A14)(AP, 12/30/97)
1993 Adel Darwish authored "Water Wars," an examination of the water crises in the Middle East.
(SFC, 9/19/02, p.A12)
1993 Jerome Mintz (d.1997 at 67), US anthropologist, published "Hasidic People: A Place in the New World."
(SFC,12/20/97, p.A21)
1993 Abdel Wahab al Miseri, author of an encyclopedia on Zionism, authored "Secret Societies of the World: the Protocols, Masonism, and Bahaism," in which he debunked "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion."
(SFC, 10/31/02, p.A10)
1993 Benjamin Netanyahu published his book "A Place Among Nations."
(SFC, 5/25/99, p.A6)
1993 A new Jewish Museum opened in Vienna.
(USAT, 9/24/04, p.3D)
1993 Tel Aviv began hosting an annual gay pride parade.
(SFC, 6/8/02, p.A12)
1993 Benjamin Netanyahu won the leadership of the Likud party. He appointed his aid, Avigdor Lieberman, to manage Likud.
(SFC,11/25/97, p.A8)
1993 Yoram Skolnick fired 9 bullets and killed a captured and bound Arab militant, Moussa Abu Sabha (21), who had been caught stabbing a Jewish settler. Skolnick was sentenced to life in prison but was released in 2001.
(SFC, 2/19/01, p.A10)
1994 Jan 10, Talks between Israeli and Palestinian negotiators resumed in Taba, Egypt.
(AP, 1/10/99)
1994 Feb 9, PLO leader Yasser Arafat and Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres initialed an agreement on security measures that had been blocking a peace accord.
(AP, 2/9/99)
1994 Feb 25, In the Hebron massacre, Jewish settler Dr. Baruch Goldstein opened fire on Palestinians praying in the Tomb of the Patriarchs in Hebron and killed 29 people. Some 100 others were wounded. Surviving Palestinians killed him before he could reload.
(SFC, 6/18/96, p.A12)(SFC, 6/20/96, p.A8)(MT, Fall/03, p.15)
1994 Mar 13, The Israeli Cabinet outlawed two Jewish extremist groups, Kach and Kahane Lives, branding them terrorist organizations.
(AP, 3/13/99)
1994 Mar 31, The PLO and Israel agreed to resume talks on Palestinian autonomy, more than a month after the Hebron mosque massacre.
(AP, 3/31/99)
1994 Apr 6, A car rigged with explosives detonated next to a bus in Afula, Israel. 8 Israelis were killed and 45 wounded in Hamas's 1st car bombing.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)(AP, 4/6/99)(SFC, 3/23/04, p.A11)
1994 Apr 7, Vatican acknowledged the Nazi Holocaust killing of Jews for the 1st time.
(MC, 4/7/02)
1994 April 13, A Palestinian blew himself up on a bus in Hadera in central Israel. Six Israelis were killed and 25 wounded. It was Hamas's 1st suicide bombing.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)(SFC, 3/23/04, p.A11)
1994 Apr 20, Israeli and PLO negotiators wrapped up an agreement transferring civilian government powers to Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
(AP, 4/20/99)
1994 Apr 29, Israel and the PLO signed an agreement in Paris granting Palestinians broad authority to set taxes, control trade and regulate banks under self-rule in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
(AP, 4/29/99)
1994 May 1, Israeli and PLO delegates opened a final round of talks in Cairo, Egypt, on Palestinian autonomy prior to the signing of an agreement on self-rule.
(AP, 5/1/99)
1994 May 4, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasser Arafat signed a historic accord on Palestinian autonomy that granted self-rule in the Gaza Strip and Jericho.
(AP, 5/4/97)
1994 May 14, The West Bank town of Jericho saw its first full day of Palestinian self-rule following the withdrawal of Israeli troops, an event celebrated by Palestinians.
(AP, 5/14/99)
1994 May 16, Israel began its final withdrawal from the Gaza Strip, shutting down the prison and military headquarters where Israeli soldiers had been in charge since the 1967 Middle East War.
(AP, 5/16/99)
1994 May 17, Drive-by shootings left 2 people dead. In 1998 Atia Abu Asab was sentenced to 2 life terms for this and another killing on Jul. 7.
(SFC, 8/14/98, p.D3)
1994 May 18, Israel's three decades of occupation in the Gaza Strip ended as Israeli troops completed their withdrawal and Palestinian authorities took over.
(AP, 5/18/99)
1994 May 21, Israeli commandos swept into Lebanon’s eastern mountains and abducted Mustafa Dirani, a Shiite Muslim guerrilla leader. Dirani was released in Jan 2004, as part of a complex prisoner exchange between Hezbollah and Israel.
(AP, 5/21/04)
1994 Jun 15, Israel and the Vatican established full diplomatic relations.
(AP, 6/15/97)
1994 Jun, An Israeli helicopter gunship at Ein Darbara, Lebanon, killed at least 30 Hezbollah trainees.
(SFC, 12/5/96, p.C5)
1994 Jul 7, A 17-year-old Israeli girl was killed. In 1998 Atia Abu Asab was sentenced to 2 life terms for this and other killings on May 17.
(SFC, 8/14/98, p.D3)
1994 Jul 15, Israel and Jordan agreed to talks in Wash., DC, on July 25th.
(MC, 7/15/02)
1994 Jul 18, In Buenos Aires a terrorist attack killed 86 (96) people at the city’s Jewish Center, the Argentine Israelite Mutual Aid Society (AMIA). Some 300 people were injured. In 1996 three senior policemen and a retired officer were charged in connection to the bombing. Iran denied any role. Police inspector, Juan Jose Ribelli, accepted a $2.5 million several days before the attack for providing the car in which the bomb exploded. It was later revealed that he and his colleagues sold protection to car thieves in return for stolen goods. In 2000 Ahmad Behbahani (32) told a 60 Minutes journalist from a refugee camp in Turkey that Iran was behind the 1994 bombing in Argentina. In 2002 it was reported that Iran paid Pres. Menem $10 million to cover up Iran’s involvement. In 2004 a federal court acquitted 5 men of being accessories to the bombing.
(SFC, 7/15/96, p.A12)(WSJ, 8/1/96 p.A1)(WSJ, 11/24/97, p.A1)(SFC,12/9/97, p.B10)(HN, 7/18/98)(SFC, 6/6/00, p.A10)(SFC, 7/22/02, p.A1)(SFC, 9/3/04, p.A18)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1994 Jul 19, A bomb ripped apart a Panama commuter plane, killing 21, including 12 Jews, a day after a car bomb destroyed a Jewish community center in Buenos Aires, Argentina, killing 95 people.
(AP, 7/19/99)
1994 Jul 25, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Jordan's King Hussein signed a declaration at the White House ending their countries' 46-year-old formal state of war.
(AP, 7/25/97)
1994 Jul 26-27, A car bomb heavily damaged the Israeli embassy in London, injuring 14; hours later, a second bomb exploded outside a building housing Jewish organizations in north London.
(AP, 7/26/99)(NYT, 10/8/04, p.A12)
1994 Aug 8, Israel and Jordan opened the first road link between the two once-
warring countries.
(AP, 8/8/99)
1994 Aug 24, Israeli and PLO negotiators agreed on an accord to give the Palestinians control of health care, taxation, education and other services in West Bank areas still controlled by Israel.
(AP, 8/24/99)
1994 Sep 1, Morocco established low-level diplomatic relations with Israel.
(AP, 9/1/99)
1994 Oct 14, The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to PLO leader Yasser Arafat, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and Israeli Foreign Minister Shimon Peres.
(SFC, 10/12/96, p.A13)(AP, 10/14/99)
1994 Oct 14, Kidnapped Israeli soldier Nachshon Waxman was killed when Israeli commandos raided the hideout of Islamic militants in Jerusalem.
(AP, 10/14/99)
1994 Oct 17, Leaders of Israel and Jordan initialed a draft peace treaty.
(AP, 10/17/99)
1994 Oct. 19, A Palestinian suicide bomber killed 22 Israelis and wounded 48 in a bus explosion in Tel Aviv. Hamas took responsibility.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)
1994 Oct 26, Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel and Prime Minister Abdel Salam Majali of Jordan signed a peace treaty in a ceremony attended by President Clinton.
(WSJ, 5/30/96, p.A4)(SFC, 6/15/96, p.A7)(SFC, 4/24/98, p.A17)(AP, 10/26/97)
1994 Nov 11, A suicide bomber killed three soldiers at an Israeli military checkpoint in Gaza. [see Nov 12]
(AP, 11/11/99)
1994 Nov 12, A Palestinian suicide bomber killed three Israeli soldiers in Gaza Strip. The Islamic Jihad took responsibility. [see Nov 11]
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)
1994 Dec 10, Yasser Arafat, Shimon Peres and Yitzhak Rabin received the Nobel Peace Prize, pledging to pursue their mission of healing the anguished Middle East.
(AP, 12/10/99)
1994 Dec 25, A Palestinian suicide bomber blew himself up on a bus in Jerusalem and wounded 12 Israelis. Hamas took responsibility.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)(AP, 12/25/99)
1994 Jordan and Israel signed a peace treaty.
(WSJ, 5/30/96, p.A4)
1994 The Israelis abducted Mustafa Dirani, the leader of a Lebanese Shiite group - the Believer's Resistance, from his Lebanese home. In 2000 Dirani sued Israel with charges of torture and sodomy.
(SFEC, 11/17/96, p.A14)(SFC, 3/14/00, p.A10)
1994 Israel established the elite squad, Egoz (walnut in Hebrew), to track Shiite guerrillas in southern Lebanon.
(SFC, 12/5/96, p.C5)
1995 Jan 22, Two Palestinians blew themselves up at Beit Lid junction in central Israel and killed 21 Israelis. The Islamic Jihad took responsibility.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)
1995 Mar 19, Palestinian gunmen opened fire on a bus carrying Jewish settlers, killing two people.
(AP, 3/19/00)
1995 April 9, Two Palestinians blew themselves up outside two Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip and killed seven Israeli soldiers and an American, Alisa Flatow (20). The Islamic Jihad and Hamas took responsibility. In 1998 a US district court judge ordered the government of Iran to pay $247 million in damages to the family of Flatow.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)
1995 Jul 24, A Palestinian suicide bomber blew up a crowded commuter bus in Tel Aviv and killed six Israelis and wounded 28. Hamas took responsibility.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)(AP, 7/24/00)
1995 Aug 21, A Palestinian suicide bomber blew up a bus in Jerusalem and killed 4 Israelis, 1 American, and wounded more than 100 people. Hamas took responsibility.
(WSJ, 3/6/96, p. A-15)(G&M, 7/31/97, p.A8)
1995 Sep 24, Israel’s Rabin and the PLO under Arafat, signed a pact, Oslo II, in Taba, Egypt, ending nearly three decades of Israeli occupation of West Bank cities. They scheduled a 9/7/97 date for Israel’s departure from the West Bank, except for Jewish settlements and certain military locations. A final accord was scheduled for 5/7/99.
(SFC, 1/9/96, p.A10)(AP, 9/24/00)(SFC, 4/30/02, p.A8)
1995 Sep 28, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO chairman Yasser Arafat signed an accord to transfer much of the West Bank to the control of its Arab residents.
(AP, 9/28/98)
1995 Sep, Adel Kaadan, an Arab with Israeli citizenships, filed suit when he was not allowed to move into a Jewish cooperative at Katsir.
(SFEC, 3/1/98, p.A15)
1995 Oct 10, Israel began a West Bank pullback and freed hundreds of Palestinian prisoners.
(MC, 10/10/01)
1995 Oct, The Finance Minister was Abraham Shohat.
(WSJ, 10/23/95, p.A-1)
1995 [Oct], A peace accord was negotiated between Arafat and Rabin. They scheduled a 9/7/97 date for Israel’s departure from the West Bank, except for Jewish settlements and certain military locations. A final accord was scheduled for 5/7/99.
(SFC, 1/9/96, p.A10)
1995 Nov 4, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, 73 years old, was killed by a right-wing, 27 year old Israeli law student, Yigal Amir, at a Tel Aviv peace rally. Shimon Peres assumed the post of acting Prime Minister. His wife, Leah, published "Rabin: Our Life, His Legacy in 1997." It was later revealed the Amir was working under the influence of Avishai Raviv, an agent of the Shin Bet security service.
(WSJ, 11/6/95, p.A-1)(SFC, 4/21/97, p.A1)(AP, 11/4/97)(SFC,11/6/97, p.D2)
1995 Nov 6, Funeral services were held in Jerusalem for assassinated Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. President Clinton led the US delegation; Arab dignitaries also attended, including Jordan’s King Hussein and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.
(AP, 11/6/00)
1995 Nov 9, Yasser Arafat made a secret trip to Israel to offer condolences to the widow of assassinated PM Rabin.
(SFC, 11/11/04, p.A18)
1995 Nov 12, Israel’s ruling Labor Party unanimously approved Shimon Peres as its new leader, replacing slain Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin.
(AP, 11/12/00)
1995 Nov 21, Israel granted jailed US spy Jason Pollard, citizenship.
(MC, 11/21/01)
1995 Nov 22, Acting Prime Minister Shimon Peres appointed Ehud Barak, a popular general, to the post of foreign minister.
(WSJ, 11/22/95, p.A-1)
1995 Dec 21, The city of Bethlehem passed from Israeli to Palestinian control.
(AP, 12/21/97)
1995 Dec, Israeli warplanes retaliate against rocket attacks with strikes at Hezbollah strongholds in Lebanon.
(WSJ, 11/29/95, p.A-1)
1995 Dec, US Ambassador Indyk expresses pride in the $3 billion annual US grant aid to Israel and complains of Israeli purchases from Europe.
(WSJ, 12/18/95, p.A-10)
1995 Binjamin Wilkomirski published in Switzerland the memoir "Fragments," which purported to be about his survival at the Majdanek concentration camp. In 2002 Blake Eskin authored "A Life in Pieces" that told the story of how Bruno Doessekker (b.1941) fabricated the story.
(WSJ, 2/5/02, p.A16)
1995 Miriam Ben-Porat, Israeli comptroller, issued a report that said Shin Bet security routinely mistreated Palestinian detainees between 1988 and 1992. The report was not made public until 2000.
(SFC, 2/10/00, p.A10)
1995 Fathi Shakaki, leader of the Islamic Jihad, was killed in Malta. Israel was blamed for the killing.
(LVRJ, 11/1/97, p.17A)
Yours in Yahshua, Hawke
© Truth on the Net Dot Com 2005